users (mcentire): Add millironx to adm group

Bad on me, but I have spent way too long making edits that are all
required on mcentire to get Authentik semi-working. There are lots of
notes in here on reasoning of why stuff is the way it is. Backup still
needs to be configured, and potentially Crowdsec.

modules/podman-secrets.nix

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ let
     (builtins.readFile ./../bin/secret-translator.jl);
 
   # Submodule type for each service's secrets configuration
-  serviceSecretsType = types.submodule {
+  serviceSecretsType = types.submodule ({ config, name, ... }: {
     options = {
       user = mkOption {
         type = types.str;
@@ -97,18 +97,28 @@ let
         '';
         default = [ ];
       };
-    };
-  };
 
-  # Generate a systemd service for each configured service
+      ref = mkOption {
+        type = types.str;
+        description =
+          "Reference to the systemd service name for declaring dependencies";
+        readOnly = true;
+        default = "podman-secrets-${name}.service";
+        example = "podman-secrets-caddy.service";
+      };
+    };
+  });
+
+  # Generate a systemd user service for each configured service
   mkSecretsService = name: serviceCfg:
     nameValuePair "podman-secrets-${name}" {
       description = "Podman secrets converter service for ${name}";
-      wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
+      wantedBy = [ "default.target" ];
+
+      unitConfig.ConditionUser = "${serviceCfg.user}";
 
       serviceConfig = {
         Type = "oneshot";
-        User = serviceCfg.user;
         ProtectProc = "invisible";
         ExecStart = "${secret-translator}/bin/secret-translator ${
             lib.concatStringsSep " " serviceCfg.secrets-files
@@ -128,8 +138,8 @@ in {
     type = types.attrsOf serviceSecretsType;
     description = ''
       Per-service Podman secrets configuration.
-      Each attribute creates a separate systemd service that translates TOML secrets
-      files into Podman secrets for the specified user.
+      Each attribute creates a separate systemd user service that translates TOML secrets
+      files into Podman secrets.
     '';
     example = literalExpression ''
       {
@@ -152,6 +162,6 @@ in {
   };
 
   config = mkIf (enabledServices != { }) {
-    systemd.services = lib.mapAttrs' mkSecretsService enabledServices;
+    systemd.user.services = lib.mapAttrs' mkSecretsService enabledServices;
   };
 }

services/authentik.nix

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ let
   port = "9000";
 
 in {
-  # Secrets are translated in the system scope, but performed by the user,
-  # so are available in the user's Podman secrets
+  # Secrets are translated in the system NixOS scope, but performed by the user,
+  # via a user systemd unit, so are available in the user's Podman secrets
   age.secrets = {
     "authentik.toml" = {
       file = ./../secrets/authentik.toml.age;
@@ -19,7 +19,15 @@ in {
     secrets-files = [ config.age.secrets."authentik.toml".path ];
   };
 
-  systemd.tmpfiles.rules = [ "d ${state-directory} 1775 ${user} ${user} -" ];
+  # Podman, unlike Docker apparently, does not automatically create mount points
+  # within folders, so every mounted folder needs to be specified here.
+  systemd.tmpfiles.rules = [
+    "d ${state-directory} 1775 ${user} ${user} -"
+    "d ${state-directory}/database 1775 ${user} ${user} -"
+    "d ${state-directory}/media 1775 ${user} ${user} -"
+    "d ${state-directory}/certs 1775 ${user} ${user} -"
+    "d ${state-directory}/custom-templates 1775 ${user} ${user} -"
+  ];
 
   services.caddy.virtualHosts."auth.millironx.com".extraConfig = ''
     reverse_proxy http://127.0.0.1:${port}
@@ -27,104 +35,153 @@ in {
 
   # Create a dedicated user for this service
   users.users."${user}" = {
+    # Group is technically not mandatory, but NixOS complains that an unset
+    # group is "unsafe." The group has to be declared below
     group = "${user}";
-    isSystemUser = true;
+
+    # System users don't have a shell. For security purposes, that *would* be
+    # superior, but that means that, e.g. borgmatic can't `sudo` into the
+    # account to access Podman commands
+    isNormalUser = true;
+
+    # A home directory is mandatory in order to allow systemd user units to be
+    # created and run
     home = "${state-directory}";
     createHome = true;
+
+    # Settings for running containers while a login shell is not active
     linger = true;
     autoSubUidGidRange = true;
   };
   users.groups."${user}" = { };
 
-  home-manager.users."${user}" = { config, ... }: {
+  home-manager.users."${user}" = { config, osConfig, ... }: {
     imports = [ home-manager-quadlet-nix ];
 
     home.stateVersion = "25.05";
 
-    virtualisation.quadlet.containers = {
-      authentik-db = {
-        autoStart = true;
-        containerConfig = {
-          image = "docker.io/library/postgres:16";
-          environments = {
-            POSTGRES_DB = "${user}";
-            POSTGRES_USER = "${user}";
+    virtualisation.quadlet = {
+      containers = {
+        authentik-db = {
+          autoStart = true;
+          containerConfig = {
+            image = "docker.io/library/postgres:16";
+            environments = {
+              POSTGRES_DB = "${user}";
+              POSTGRES_USER = "${user}";
+            };
+            secrets = [
+              # POSTGRES_PASSWORD is used by the container to setup the
+              # database, PGPASSWORD is used by pg_dump to authenticate for
+              # backup purposes
+              "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env,target=POSTGRES_PASSWORD"
+              "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env,target=PGPASSWORD"
+            ];
+
+            # Double dollarsigns are required for use of *container* environment
+            # variables, Nix escaping creates the weird $\${} syntax
+            healthCmd = "pg_isready -d $\${POSTGRES_DB} -U $\${POSTGRES_USER}";
+            healthInterval = "30s";
+            healthRetries = 5;
+            healthStartPeriod = "20s";
+
+            # Volumes have to be bound with the :U label to allow for username
+            # remapping in rootless containers. :Z/:z is not needed b/c NixOS
+            # does not support SELinux
+            volumes =
+              [ "${state-directory}/database:/var/lib/postgresql/data:U" ];
+
+            # A network is actually required for these containers to talk to one
+            # another. I suppose the more idiomatic way would be for these
+            # related containers to be in a "pod," but I'm still struggling
+            # learning the idiosyncrasies of quadlet/rootless/podman, so we'll
+            # stick with this for now
+            networks =
+              [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.networks.authentik-net.ref ];
+
           };
-          secrets = [
-            "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env,target=POSTGRES_PASSWORD"
-          ];
-          healthCmd = "pg_isready -d \${POSTGRES_DB} -U \${POSTGRES_USER}";
-          healthInterval = "30s";
-          healthRetries = 5;
-          healthStartPeriod = "20s";
-          volumes = [ "${state-directory}/database:/var/lib/postgresql/data" ];
+
+          # Allowing this container to start before the secrets are translated
+          # will lead to errors. Use osConfig b/c secrets are declared in the
+          # system NixOS scope, even though it is a user process.
+          unitConfig.Requires =
+            [ osConfig.millironx.podman-secrets.authentik.ref ];
+          unitConfig.After =
+            [ osConfig.millironx.podman-secrets.authentik.ref ];
+        };
+
+        authentik-worker = {
+          autoStart = true;
+          containerConfig = {
+            image = "ghcr.io/goauthentik/server:2025.10.2";
+            environments = {
+              AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__HOST = "authentik-db";
+              AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__NAME = "${user}";
+              AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__USER = "${user}";
+            };
+            exec = "worker";
+            secrets = [
+              "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_SECRET_KEY,type=env"
+            ];
+            volumes = [
+              "${state-directory}/media:/media:U"
+              "${state-directory}/custom-templates:/templates:U"
+              "${state-directory}/certs:/certs:U"
+            ];
+            networks =
+              [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.networks.authentik-net.ref ];
+          };
+          unitConfig.Requires =
+            [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref ];
+          unitConfig.After =
+            [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref ];
+        };
+
+        authentik = {
+          autoStart = true;
+          containerConfig = {
+            image = "ghcr.io/goauthentik/server:2025.10.2";
+            environments = {
+              AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__HOST = "authentik-db";
+              AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__NAME = "${user}";
+              AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__USER = "${user}";
+            };
+            exec = "server";
+            secrets = [
+              "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_SECRET_KEY,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__HOST,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__PORT,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__USERNAME,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__PASSWORD,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__USE_SSL,type=env"
+              "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__FROM,type=env"
+            ];
+
+            # Change from Traefik: publish ports to localhost only via 127.0.0.1
+            # and then reverse proxy to that port. Authentik does not appear to
+            # have a way to configure the port, so we will use the default of
+            # 9000 for non-secured traffic.
+            publishPorts = [ "127.0.0.1:${port}:${port}" ];
+            volumes = [
+              "${state-directory}/media:/media:U"
+              "${state-directory}/custom-templates:/templates:U"
+            ];
+            networks =
+              [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.networks.authentik-net.ref ];
+          };
+          unitConfig.Requires =
+            [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref ];
+          unitConfig.After =
+            [ config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref ];
         };
       };
 
-      authentik-worker = {
-        autoStart = true;
-        containerConfig = {
-          image = "ghcr.io/goauthentik/server:2025.10.2";
-          environments = {
-            AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__HOST = "authentik-db";
-            AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__NAME = "${user}";
-            AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__USER = "${user}";
-          };
-          exec = "worker";
-          secrets = [
-            "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_SECRET_KEY,type=env"
-          ];
-          volumes = [
-            "${state-directory}/media:/media"
-            "${state-directory}/custom-templates:/templates"
-            "${state-directory}/certs:/certs"
-          ];
-        };
-        unitConfig.Requires = [
-          config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref
-          "network-online.target"
-        ];
-        unitConfig.After = [
-          config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref
-          "network-online.target"
-        ];
-      };
+      networks.authentik-net = { };
 
-      authentik = {
-        autoStart = true;
-        containerConfig = {
-          image = "ghcr.io/goauthentik/server:2025.10.2";
-          environments = {
-            AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__HOST = "authentik-db";
-            AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__NAME = "${user}";
-            AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__USER = "${user}";
-          };
-          secrets = [
-            "AUTHENTIK_POSTGRESQL__PASSWORD,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_SECRET_KEY,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__HOST,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__PORT,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__USERNAME,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__PASSWORD,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__USE_SSL,type=env"
-            "AUTHENTIK_EMAIL__FROM,type=env"
-          ];
-          publishPorts = [ "127.0.0.1:${port}:${port}" ];
-          volumes = [
-            "${state-directory}/media:/media"
-            "${state-directory}/custom-templates:/templates"
-          ];
-        };
-        unitConfig.Requires = [
-          config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref
-          "network-online.target"
-        ];
-        unitConfig.After = [
-          config.virtualisation.quadlet.containers.authentik-db.ref
-          "network-online.target"
-        ];
-      };
+      # One of the main advantages of using Quadlet
+      autoUpdate.enable = true;
     };
   };
 }

systems/linux/mcentire.nix

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
       millironx = {
         isNormalUser = true;
         description = "Thomas A. Christensen II";
-        extraGroups = [ "wheel" ];
+        extraGroups = [ "adm" "wheel" ];
       };
     };